= a single sand particle. Points A, B, and C show how the sand particle moves along the beach.

1. Waves approach beach at an angle - a similar direction to that of the prevailing wind.

2. Swash carries material up the beach at an angle.

3. Backwash carries material directly down the beach due to gravity. (slope of beach)

4. Wooden Groynes slow down movement of sand.

5. Accumulation of sand

6. Depletion of sand